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The causes you did not choose

The causes you did not choose

1.[3p]

Match each kind of moral luck to its example.

  • Resultant luck

  • Circumstantial luck

  • Constitutive luck

  • Causal luck

  • being an ordinary German in 1935 rather than an ordinary Argentine

  • being determined by antecedent circumstances at all

  • the temperament and inclinations you happen to have

  • two equally reckless drivers, one of whom meets a child in the road

Show the answer

Resultant luck: two equally reckless drivers, one of whom meets a child in the road Circumstantial luck: being an ordinary German in 1935 rather than an ordinary Argentine Constitutive luck: the temperament and inclinations you happen to have Causal luck: being determined by antecedent circumstances at all

2.[2p]

In the 2015 twin meta-analysis, what was the average heritability across all traits, as a percentage?

CorrectNot quite: 49

3.[2p]

Using Falconer's formula, what heritability follows from an identical-twin correlation of 0.86 and a fraternal-twin correlation of 0.60?

CorrectNot quite: 0.52

4.[3p]

What does a heritability of 0.5 for a trait actually say?

Correct
The answer is: Half the variation in that trait, in that population and environment, is associated with genetic variation
The answer is: Half the variation in that trait, in that population and environment, is associated with genetic variation
The answer is: Half the variation in that trait, in that population and environment, is associated with genetic variation

5.[3p]

Which are Turkheimer's three laws?

Select all that apply

Correct
Correct
Correct
The answer is: All human behavioural traits are heritable, The effect of being raised in the same family is smaller than the effect of the genes, A substantial part of the variation is explained by neither genes nor family

6.[2p]

In Darley and Batson's 1973 study, what percentage of hurried seminarians stopped to help?

CorrectNot quite: 10

7.[3p]

Why is the 2003 orbitofrontal tumour case philosophically awkward?

Correct
The answer is: If an unchosen physical cause of behaviour excuses, an unchosen developmental history looks similar
The answer is: If an unchosen physical cause of behaviour excuses, an unchosen developmental history looks similar
The answer is: If an unchosen physical cause of behaviour excuses, an unchosen developmental history looks similar

8.[3p]

Put the steps of Galen Strawson's Basic Argument in order.

  1. You act as you do because of the way you are

  2. Any such choice was made in the light of a character you already had, so the regress never ends

  3. So to be truly responsible for what you do, you must be responsible for the way you are

  4. To be responsible for the way you are, you must have chosen to be that way

Show the answer

a, b, c, d

9.[2p]

The Basic Argument's conclusion depends on determinism being true.

The answer is: False
Correct