Lesson test: Character

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Character

1.[3p]
What was Anscombe's charge against the modern moral "ought" in 1958?

It survives from a legal conception of ethics whose lawgiver modern philosophy has removed

Correct

It is too vague to be used in argument

The answer is: It survives from a legal conception of ethics whose lawgiver modern philosophy has removed

It applies only to consequences

The answer is: It survives from a legal conception of ethics whose lawgiver modern philosophy has removed

It cannot be translated from Greek

The answer is: It survives from a legal conception of ethics whose lawgiver modern philosophy has removed

2.[3p]
Why is eudaimonia badly translated as happiness?

It is an activity assessed over a complete life and something you can be wrong about, not a feeling

Correct

It refers only to pleasure

The answer is: It is an activity assessed over a complete life and something you can be wrong about, not a feeling

It applies to communities rather than individuals

The answer is: It is an activity assessed over a complete life and something you can be wrong about, not a feeling

Aristotle never uses the word

The answer is: It is an activity assessed over a complete life and something you can be wrong about, not a feeling

3.[3p]
What is the weak step in the function argument?

That a species has a distinctive capacity does not show that exercising it is good for its members

Correct

Plants and animals also reason

The answer is: That a species has a distinctive capacity does not show that exercising it is good for its members

Nobody agrees that humans have a characteristic activity

The answer is: That a species has a distinctive capacity does not show that exercising it is good for its members

It assumes that happiness is pleasure

The answer is: That a species has a distinctive capacity does not show that exercising it is good for its members

4.[3p]
Match each virtue to its deficiency and excess.

Courage
Temperance
Generosity
Truthfulness

self-deprecation and boastfulness
meanness and wastefulness
insensibility and self-indulgence
cowardice and rashness

Show the answer

Courage: cowardice and rashness Temperance: insensibility and self-indulgence Generosity: meanness and wastefulness Truthfulness: self-deprecation and boastfulness

5.[2p]
Aristotle holds that every action and feeling has a mean, including spite and murder.

True

The answer is: False

False

Correct

6.[3p]
On Aristotle's view, what is the difference between the continent person and the virtuous one?

The continent person wants the wrong thing and resists it; the virtuous person's desires are already in line

Correct

The continent person acts wrongly and the virtuous person acts rightly

The answer is: The continent person wants the wrong thing and resists it; the virtuous person's desires are already in line

The continent person follows rules and the virtuous person follows outcomes

The answer is: The continent person wants the wrong thing and resists it; the virtuous person's desires are already in line

There is no difference

The answer is: The continent person wants the wrong thing and resists it; the virtuous person's desires are already in line

7.[3p]
How does Aristotle answer the circularity in becoming just by doing just acts?

A learner can perform the act a just person would perform without yet doing it as a just person does, knowingly and from a firm state

Correct

He denies that virtues are acquired

The answer is: A learner can perform the act a just person would perform without yet doing it as a just person does, knowingly and from a firm state

He holds that the first just act is innate

The answer is: A learner can perform the act a just person would perform without yet doing it as a just person does, knowingly and from a firm state

He says the circle is harmless because everyone is born just

The answer is: A learner can perform the act a just person would perform without yet doing it as a just person does, knowingly and from a firm state

8.[3p]
What is the argument for putting practical wisdom rather than rules at the centre?

Situations are indefinitely various, so any rule stated in advance either falls silent or misfires on an unanticipated case

Correct

Rules are always too demanding

The answer is: Situations are indefinitely various, so any rule stated in advance either falls silent or misfires on an unanticipated case

Perception is more reliable than reasoning in every field

The answer is: Situations are indefinitely various, so any rule stated in advance either falls silent or misfires on an unanticipated case

Rules cannot be taught to children

The answer is: Situations are indefinitely various, so any rule stated in advance either falls silent or misfires on an unanticipated case

9.[3p]
How does Hursthouse answer the charge that her definition of right action is circular?

The virtues are specified independently as the traits a human being needs in order to flourish

Correct

She abandons the definition

The answer is: The virtues are specified independently as the traits a human being needs in order to flourish

She defines the virtuous agent as one who maximises the good

The answer is: The virtues are specified independently as the traits a human being needs in order to flourish

She denies that right action can be defined at all

The answer is: The virtues are specified independently as the traits a human being needs in order to flourish

1.[3p] What was Anscombe's charge against the modern moral "ought" in 1958?

2.[3p] Why is eudaimonia badly translated as happiness?

3.[3p] What is the weak step in the function argument?

4.[3p] Match each virtue to its deficiency and excess.

5.[2p] Aristotle holds that every action and feeling has a mean, including spite and murder.

6.[3p] On Aristotle's view, what is the difference between the continent person and the virtuous one?

7.[3p] How does Aristotle answer the circularity in becoming just by doing just acts?

8.[3p] What is the argument for putting practical wisdom rather than rules at the centre?

9.[3p] How does Hursthouse answer the charge that her definition of right action is circular?

1.[3p]
What was Anscombe's charge against the modern moral "ought" in 1958?

2.[3p]
Why is eudaimonia badly translated as happiness?

3.[3p]
What is the weak step in the function argument?

4.[3p]
Match each virtue to its deficiency and excess.

5.[2p]
Aristotle holds that every action and feeling has a mean, including spite and murder.

6.[3p]
On Aristotle's view, what is the difference between the continent person and the virtuous one?

7.[3p]
How does Aristotle answer the circularity in becoming just by doing just acts?

8.[3p]
What is the argument for putting practical wisdom rather than rules at the centre?

9.[3p]
How does Hursthouse answer the charge that her definition of right action is circular?